A reporter is a type of journalist A journalist is a person who practises journalism, the gathering and dissemination of information about current events, trends, issues, and people while striving for viewpoints that aren't biased who researches Research can be defined to be search for knowledge or any systematic investigation to establish facts. The primary purpose for applied research is discovering, interpreting, and the development of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge on a wide variety of scientific matters of our world and the universe. Research can use the and presents information in certain types of mass media Mass media denotes a section of the media specifically designed to reach a very large audience such as the population of a nation state. The term was coined in the 1920s with the advent of nationwide radio networks, mass-circulation newspapers and magazines. However, some forms of mass media such as books and manuscripts had already been in use.
Reporters gather their information in a variety of ways, including tips, press releases A news release, media release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded communication directed at members of the news media for the purpose of announcing something claimed as having news value. Typically, they are mailed, faxed, or e-mailed to assignment editors at newspapers, magazines, radio stations, television stations, and/or, sources (those with newsworthy information) and witnessing events. They perform research through interviews Categories: Evaluation methods | Recruitment | Research methods | Reporting | Radio formats | Television genres, public records Public records refers to information that has been filed or recorded by local, state, federal or other government agencies, such as corporate and property records. Public records are created by the federal and local government, or by the individual (magazine subscriptions, voter registration, etc.). Most essential public records are maintained by, and other sources. The information-gathering part of the job is sometimes called "reporting" as distinct from the production part of the job, such as writing articles. Reporters generally split their time between working in a newsroom A newsroom is the place where journalists—reporters, editors, and producers, along with other staffers—work to gather news to be published in a newspaper or magazine or broadcast on television, cable or radio. Some journalism organizations refer to the newsroom as the city room and going out to witness events or interview people.
Most reporters working for major news media outlets are assigned an area to focus on, called a beat Beat reporting is the craft of reporting on an issue or particular sector, organization or institution over time. Beat reporters build up a base of knowledge on and gain familiarity with the sector, allowing them to provide insight and commentary in addition to reporting straight facts. This distinguishes them from other journalists who might or patch. They are encouraged to cultivate sources to improve their information gathering.
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Career
Reporters working for major the Western news media usually have a university or college degree A degree is any of a wide range of status levels conferred by institutions of higher education, such as universities, normally as the result of successfully completing a program of study. The degree is sometimes in journalism, but in most countries, that is generally not a requirement. When hiring reporters, editors Editing is the process of preparing language, images, sound, video, or film through correction, condensation, organization, and other modifications in various media. A person who edits is called an editor. In a sense, the editing process originates with the idea for the work itself and continues in the relationship between the author and the tend to give much weight to the reporter's previous work (such as newspaper clippings), even when written for a student newspaper A student newspaper is a newspaper run by students of a university, high school, middle school, or other school. These papers traditionally cover local and, primarily, school or university news. Working for one's high school newspaper is sometimes an extracurricular activity, but often, journalism classes are offered. Journalism students learn or as part of an internship An intern is one who works in a temporary position with an emphasis on on-the-job training rather than merely employment, making it similar to an apprenticeship. Interns are usually college or university students, but they can also be high school students or post graduate adults seeking skills for a new career. Student internships provide.
Reporters in the UK, Canada and the United States
In the United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border, sharing it with, editors often require that prospective trainee reporters have completed the NCTJ The National Council for the Training of Journalists was founded in 1951 as an organisation to oversee the training of journalists for the newspaper industry in the United Kingdom (National College for the Training of Journalists) preliminary exams. After 18 months to two years on the job, trainees will take a second set of exams, known collectively as the NCE. Upon completion of the NCE, the candidate is considered a fully-qualified senior reporter and usually receives a (very) small pay raise. In the United States and Canada, there is no set requirement for a particular degree (and in the United States licensing journalists would be unconstitutional under the First Amendment The First Amendment to the United States Constitution is the part of the Bill of Rights that expressly prohibits the Congress from making laws "respecting an establishment of religion", prohibiting the free exercise of religion, infringing the freedom of speech, infringing the freedom of the press, limiting the right to peaceably), although almost all newspapers, wire services A news agency is an organization of journalists established to supply news reports to organizations in the news trade: newspapers, magazines, and radio and television broadcasters. Such an agency may also be referred to as a wire service, newswire or news service, television news, and radio news operations hire only college graduates and expect prior experience in journalism, either at a student publication or through an internship.
Although their work can also often make them into minor celebrities, most reporters in the United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its 48 contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, Canada Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area and shares the world's longest common border with the United States to the south and northwest[citation needed] and the United Kingdom earn relatively low salaries. It is common for a reporter fresh out of college working at a small newspaper to make $ The United States dollar is the unit of currency of the United States. The U.S. dollar is normally abbreviated as the dollar sign, $, or as USD or US$ to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies and from others that use the $ symbol. It is divided into 100 cents (200 half-cents prior to 1857)20,000 annually or less. According the 2007 Survey of Journalism/Mass communication[1] the median starting salaries for reporters in 2007 were identical to those in 2006:
- $26,000 for a daily newspaper
- $22,880,for a weekly newspaper
- $23,400 in radio
- $21,840 in broadcast television
- $25,012 in cable television.
Despite many college students' perceptions that newspapers pay the most poorly, both daily and weekly newspapers are paying more than broadcast television, which actually pays the poorest of any mass communication industry or profession (advertising graduates got $26,988 and public relations graduates got $28,964 in 2006).[1]
The median salary for graduates in 2008 is £24,500 in UK.It is common for reporters to start with newspapers in small towns and take steps up the ladder to larger papers, though The New York Times The New York Times is an American daily newspaper founded in 1851 and published in New York City. The largest metropolitan newspaper in the United States, "The Gray Lady"—named for its staid appearance and style—is regarded as a national newspaper of record. The Times is owned by The New York Times Company, which publishes 18 other has been known to hire reporters with only a few years' experience, if they have talent and expertise in particular areas. Many reporters also start as summer interns at large papers and then move to reporting jobs at medium sized papers. The same job prospects apply in the television reporting business, with reporters starting in small markets and moving into larger markets and thence to national news programs.
References
- ^ a b Becker Dr. Lee B. et al (August 25, 2008), 2007 Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates, Athens, Georgia, US: James M. Cox Jr. Center for International Mass Communication Training and Research, Grady College of, Journalism & Mass Communication, University of Georgia, http://www.grady.uga.edu/coxcenter/activities/activities0708/Stories/AEJMC2008/grdrpt2007mergedcolorv2.pdf
External links
Categories: Journalism jobs
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